homa_impl.h

/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause OR GPL-2.0+ */

/* This file contains definitions that are shared across the files
 * that implement Homa for Linux.
 */

#ifndef _HOMA_IMPL_H
#define _HOMA_IMPL_H

#include <linux/bug.h>
#ifdef __UNIT_TEST__
#undef WARN
#define WARN(...)

#undef WARN_ON
#define WARN_ON(condition) ({						\
	int __ret_warn_on = !!(condition);				\
	unlikely(__ret_warn_on);					\
})

#undef WARN_ON_ONCE
#define WARN_ON_ONCE(condition) WARN_ON(condition)

#undef WARN_ONCE
/* This definition allows WARN_ONCE to be used both as a value and as
 * a statement.
 */
#define WARN_ONCE(cond, ...) ({ bool __c = (cond); (void)__c; __c; })
#endif /* __UNIT_TEST__ */

#include <linux/audit.h>
#include <linux/icmp.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/socket.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <net/icmp.h>
#include <net/ip.h>
#include <net/netns/generic.h>
#include <net/protocol.h>
#include <net/inet_common.h>
#include <net/gro.h>
#include <net/rps.h>

#ifndef __UPSTREAM__ /* See strip.py */
#include "homa.h"
#include <linux/version.h>
#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64
#include <clocksource/arm_arch_timer.h>
#endif
#include "homa_devel.h"
#else /* See strip.py */
#include <linux/homa.h>
#endif /* See strip.py */
#include "homa_wire.h"

#ifdef __UNIT_TEST__
#include "mock.h"
#endif /* __UNIT_TEST__ */

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */
/* Null out things that confuse VSCode Intellisense */
#ifdef __VSCODE__
#define smp_processor_id() 1
#define BUG()
#define BUG_ON(...)
#define set_current_state(...)
#endif
#endif /* See strip.py */

/* Forward declarations. */
struct homa;
struct homa_peer;
struct homa_rpc;
struct homa_route;
struct homa_sock;

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */
#include "timetrace.h"
#include "homa_metrics.h"
#endif /* See strip.py */

#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(7, 0, 0)
#define __COND_ACQUIRES(lock) __cond_acquires(nonnull, lock)
#else
#define __COND_ACQUIRES(lock) __cond_acquires(lock)
#endif

#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(6, 19, 0)
#define SOCKADDR sockaddr_unsized
#else
#define SOCKADDR sockaddr
#endif

/**
 * union sockaddr_in_union - Holds either an IPv4 or IPv6 address (smaller
 * and easier to use than sockaddr_storage).
 */
union sockaddr_in_union {
	/** @sa: Used to access as a generic sockaddr. */
	struct sockaddr sa;

	/** @in4: Used to access as IPv4 socket. */
	struct sockaddr_in in4;

	/** @in6: Used to access as IPv6 socket.  */
	struct sockaddr_in6 in6;
};

/**
 * struct homa - Stores overall information about the Homa transport, which
 * is shared across all Homa sockets and all network namespaces.
 */
struct homa {
	/**
	 * @next_outgoing_id: Id to use for next outgoing RPC request.
	 * This is always even: it's used only to generate client-side ids.
	 * Accessed without locks. Note: RPC ids are unique within a
	 * single client machine.
	 */
	atomic64_t next_outgoing_id;

#ifndef __UPSTREAM__ /* See strip.py */
	/** @qshared: Contains information used by homa_qdisc.c. */
	struct homa_qdisc_shared *qshared;
#endif /* See strip.py */

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */

	/**
	 * @grant: Contains information used by homa_grant.c to manage
	 * grants for incoming messages.
	 */
	struct homa_grant *grant;
#endif /* See strip.py */

	/**
	 * @peertab: Info about all the other hosts we have communicated with;
	 * includes peers from all network namespaces.
	 */
	struct homa_peertab *peertab;

	/**
	 * @socktab: Information about all open sockets. Dynamically
	 * allocated; must be kfreed.
	 */
	struct homa_socktab *socktab;

	/**
	 * @tx_pools: One tx_page_pool for each NUMA node on the machine.
	 */
	struct homa_tx_pool *tx_pools[MAX_NUMNODES];

	/** @max_numa: Highest NUMA node id in use by any core. */
	int max_numa;

	/**
	 * @tx_page_frees_per_sec: Rate at which to return pages from
	 * homa_tx_page_pools back to Linux. This is the total rate across
	 * all pools. Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int tx_page_frees_per_sec;

	/**
	 * @tx_pages_to_free: Space in which to collect pages that are
	 * about to be released. Dynamically allocated.
	 */
	struct page **tx_pages_to_free;

	/**
	 * @tx_pages_to_free_slots: Maximum number of pages that can be
	 * stored in tx_pages_to_free;
	 */
	int tx_pages_to_free_slots;

	/**
	 * @tx_page_free_time: homa_clock() time when the next tx
	 * page should be freed. Could be in the past.
	 */
	u64 tx_page_free_time;

	/**
	 * @tx_page_pool_min_kb: A floor on the amount of space for Homa to
	 * retain in a pool, specified in Kbytes. Set externally via
	 * sysctl.
	 */
	int tx_page_pool_min_kb;

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */
	/**
	 * @unsched_bytes: The number of bytes that may be sent in a
	 * new message without receiving any grants. There used to be a
	 * variable rtt_bytes that served this purpose, and was also used
	 * for window.  Historically, rtt_bytes was intended to be the amount
	 * of data that can be transmitted over the wire in the time it
	 * takes to send a full-size data packet and receive back a grant.
	 * But, for fast networks that value could result in too much
	 * buffer utilization (and, we wanted to have separate values for
	 * @unsched_bytes and @window). Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int unsched_bytes;
#endif /* See strip.py */

	/**
	 * @link_mbps: The raw bandwidth of the network uplink, in
	 * units of 1e06 bits per second.  Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int link_mbps;

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */
	/**
	 * @poll_usecs: Amount of time (in microseconds) that a thread
	 * will spend busy-waiting for an incoming messages before
	 * going to sleep. Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int poll_usecs;

	/** @poll_cycles: Same as poll_usecs except in homa_clock() units. */
	u64 poll_cycles;

	/**
	 * @num_priorities: The total number of priority levels available for
	 * Homa's use. Internally, Homa will use priorities from 0 to
	 * num_priorities-1, inclusive. Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int num_priorities;

	/**
	 * @priority_map: entry i gives the value to store in the high-order
	 * 3 bits of the DSCP field of IP headers to implement priority level
	 * i. Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int priority_map[HOMA_MAX_PRIORITIES];

	/**
	 * @max_sched_prio: The highest priority level currently available for
	 * scheduled packets. Levels above this are reserved for unscheduled
	 * packets.  Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int max_sched_prio;

	/**
	 * @unsched_cutoffs: the current priority assignments for incoming
	 * unscheduled packets. The value of entry i is the largest
	 * message size that uses priority i (larger i is higher priority).
	 * If entry i has a value of HOMA_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE or greater, then
	 * priority levels less than i will not be used for unscheduled
	 * packets. At least one entry in the array must have a value of
	 * HOMA_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE or greater (entry 0 is usually INT_MAX).
	 * Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int unsched_cutoffs[HOMA_MAX_PRIORITIES];

	/**
	 * @cutoff_version: increments every time unsched_cutoffs is
	 * modified. Used to determine when we need to send updates to
	 * peers.  Note: 16 bits should be fine for this: the worst
	 * that happens is a peer has a super-stale value that equals
	 * our current value, so the peer uses suboptimal cutoffs until the
	 * next version change.  Can be set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int cutoff_version;
#endif /* See strip.py */

	/**
	 * @resend_ticks: When an RPC's @silent_ticks reaches this value,
	 * start sending RESEND requests.
	 */
	int resend_ticks;

	/**
	 * @resend_interval: minimum number of homa timer ticks between
	 * RESENDs for the same RPC.
	 */
	int resend_interval;

	/**
	 * @timeout_ticks: abort an RPC if its silent_ticks reaches this value.
	 */
	int timeout_ticks;

	/**
	 * @request_ack_ticks: How many timer ticks we'll wait for the
	 * client to ack an RPC before explicitly requesting an ack.
	 * Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int request_ack_ticks;

	/**
	 * @dead_frags_limit: If hsk->dead_frags is less than this number
	 * for a socket, then Homa reaps RPCs in a way that minimizes impact
	 * on performance but may permit dead RPCs to accumulate. If
	 * dead_frags exceeds this value, then Homa switches to a more
	 * aggressive approach to reaping RPCs. Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int dead_frags_limit;

	/**
	 * @max_dead_frags: The largest value of hsk->dead_frags that has
	 * existed so far for any socket.  Readable via sysctl, and may be
	 * reset via sysctl to begin recalculating.
	 */
	int max_dead_frags;

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */
	/**
	 * @verbose: Nonzero enables additional logging. Set externally via
	 * sysctl.
	 */
	int verbose;

	/**
	 * @gso_force_software: A non-zero value will cause Homa to perform
	 * segmentation in software using GSO; zero means ask the NIC to
	 * perform TSO. Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int gso_force_software;
#endif /* See strip.py */

	/**
	 * @max_gso_size: Maximum number of bytes that will be included
	 * in a single output packet that Homa passes to Linux. Can be set
	 * externally via sysctl to lower the limit already enforced by Linux.
	 */
	int max_gso_size;

	/**
	 * @wmem_max: Limit on the value of sk_sndbuf for any socket. Set
	 * externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int wmem_max;

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */
	/**
	 * @hijack_tcp: Non-zero means encapsulate outgoing Homa packets
	 * as TCP packets (i.e. use TCP as the IP protocol). This makes TSO
	 * and RSS work better. Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int hijack_tcp;

	/**
	 * @max_gro_skbs: Maximum number of socket buffers that can be
	 * aggregated by the GRO mechanism.  Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int max_gro_skbs;

	/**
	 * @gro_policy: An OR'ed together collection of bits that determine
	 * how Homa packets should be steered for SoftIRQ handling.  A value
	 * of zero will eliminate any Homa-specific behaviors, reverting
	 * to the Linux defaults. Set externally via sysctl (but modifying
	 * it is almost certainly a bad idea; see below).
	 */
	int gro_policy;

	/* Bits that can be specified for gro_policy. These were created for
	 * testing, in order to evaluate various possible policies; you almost
	 * certainly should not use any value other than HOMA_GRO_NORMAL.
	 * HOMA_GRO_SAME_CORE         If isolated packets arrive (not part of a
	 *                            batch) use the GRO core for SoftIRQ also.
	 * HOMA_GRO_IDLE              Use old mechanism for selecting an idle
	 *                            core for SoftIRQ (deprecated).
	 * HOMA_GRO_NEXT              Always use the next core in circular
	 *                            order for SoftIRQ (deprecated).
	 * HOMA_GRO_GEN2              Use the new mechanism for selecting an
	 *                            idle core for SoftIRQ.
	 * HOMA_GRO_FAST_GRANTS       Pass all grants immediately to
	 *                            homa_softirq during GRO (only if the
	 *                            core isn't overloaded).
	 * HOMA_GRO_SHORT_BYPASS      Pass all single-packet messages directly
	 *                            to homa_softirq during GRO (only if the
	 *                            core isn't overloaded).
	 * HOMA_GRO_GEN3              Use the "Gen3" mechanisms for load
	 *                            balancing.
	 */
	#define HOMA_GRO_SAME_CORE         2
	#define HOMA_GRO_IDLE              4
	#define HOMA_GRO_NEXT              8
	#define HOMA_GRO_GEN2           0x10
	#define HOMA_GRO_FAST_GRANTS    0x20
	#define HOMA_GRO_SHORT_BYPASS   0x40
	#define HOMA_GRO_GEN3           0x80
	#define HOMA_GRO_NORMAL      (HOMA_GRO_SAME_CORE | HOMA_GRO_GEN2 | \
				      HOMA_GRO_SHORT_BYPASS | HOMA_GRO_FAST_GRANTS)

	/**
	 * @busy_usecs: if there has been activity on a core within the
	 * last @busy_usecs, it is considered to be busy and Homa will
	 * try to avoid scheduling other activities on the core. See
	 * balance.txt for more on load balancing. Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int busy_usecs;

	/** @busy_cycles: Same as busy_usecs except in homa_clock() units. */
	int busy_cycles;

	/**
	 * @gro_busy_usecs: if the gap between the completion of
	 * homa_gro_receive and the next call to homa_gro_receive on the same
	 * core is less than this, then GRO on that core is considered to be
	 * "busy", and optimizations such as HOMA_GRO_SHORT_BYPASS will not be
	 * done because they risk overloading the core. Set externally via
	 * sysctl.
	 */
	int gro_busy_usecs;

	/**
	 * @gro_busy_cycles: Same as busy_usecs except in homa_clock() units.
	 */
	int gro_busy_cycles;
#endif /* See strip.py */

	/**
	 * @timer_ticks: number of times that homa_timer has been invoked
	 * (may wraparound, which is safe).
	 */
	u32 timer_ticks;

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */
	/**
	 * @freeze_type: determines conditions under which the time trace
	 * should be frozen. Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	enum homa_freeze_type freeze_type;

	/**
	 * @accept_bits: determines how many consecutive packets will be
	 * accepted before the next bunch of packets is dropped (intervals
	 * between dropped packets are chosen uniformly from the
	 * range[0..1<<accept_bits)). Zero means don't drop any packets.
	 * Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int accept_bits;

	/**
	 * @drop_bits: determines how many consecutive packets are dropped
	 * when drops occur (counts are chosen uniformly from the
	 * range [1..1<<drop_bits]) Set externally via sysctl.
	 */
	int drop_bits;
#endif /* See strip.py */

	/**
	 * @bpage_lease_usecs: how long a core can own a bpage (microseconds)
	 * before its ownership can be revoked to reclaim the page.
	 */
	int bpage_lease_usecs;

	/**
	 * @bpage_lease_cycles: same as bpage_lease_usecs except in
	 * homa_clock() units.
	 */
	int bpage_lease_cycles;

	/**
	 * @next_id: Set via sysctl; causes next_outgoing_id to be set to
	 * this value; always reads as zero. Typically used while debugging to
	 * ensure that different nodes use different ranges of ids.
	 */
	int next_id;

	/**
	 * @destroyed: True means that this structure is being destroyed
	 * so everyone should clean up.
	 */
	bool destroyed;

#ifndef __UPSTREAM__ /* See strip.py */
	/**
	 * @sysctl_action: This value is set by sysctl to invoke one of
	 * several actions for testing. It is normally zero.
	 */
	int sysctl_action;

	/**
	 * @temp: the values in this array can be read and written with sysctl.
	 * They have no officially defined purpose, and are available for
	 * short-term use during testing.
	 */
	int temp[4];
#endif /* See strip.py */
};

/**
 * struct homa_net - Contains Homa information that is specific to a
 * particular network namespace.
 */
struct homa_net {
	/** @homa: Global Homa information. */
	struct homa *homa;

	/**
	 * @prev_default_port: The most recent port number assigned from
	 * the range of default ports.
	 */
	u16 prev_default_port;

	/**
	 * @num_routes: The total number of struct homa_peers that exist
	 * for this namespace. Managed by homa_peer.c under the peertab lock.
	 */
	int num_routes;
};

/**
 * struct homa_skb_info - Additional information needed by Homa for each
 * outbound DATA packet. Space is allocated for this at the very end of the
 * linear part of the skb.
 */
struct homa_skb_info {
	/**
	 * @data_bytes: total bytes of message data across all of the
	 * segments in this packet.
	 */
	int data_bytes;

	/**
	 * @dont_defer: True means that homa_qdisc_enqueue should pass this
	 * packet along without considering NIC congestion. This flag is set
	 * by the pacer when it retransmits packets after deferral.
	 */
	bool dont_defer;
};

/**
 * homa_get_skb_info() - Return the address of Homa's private information
 * for an sk_buff.
 * @skb:     Socket buffer whose info is needed.
 * Return: address of Homa's private information for @skb.
 */
static inline struct homa_skb_info *homa_get_skb_info(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	return (struct homa_skb_info *)(skb_end_pointer(skb)) - 1;
}

/**
 * homa_set_doff() - Fills in the doff TCP header field for a packet.
 * @skb:   Packet whose doff field is to be set.
 * @size:  Size of the "header" in bytes (must be a multiple of 4). This is
 *         needed for two reasons. First, for TSO to work it must indicate
 *         the number of bytes that should be replicated in each segment.
 *         The bytes after this will be distributed among segments. Second,
 *         for TCP hijacking to work it must have a valid value (20 is a
 *         good choice if the packet isn't a TSO frame).
 */
static inline void homa_set_doff(struct sk_buff *skb, int size)
{
	tcp_hdr(skb)->doff = size >> 2;
}

/** skb_is_ipv6() - Return true if the packet is encapsulated with IPv6,
 *  false otherwise (presumably it's IPv4).
 */
static inline bool skb_is_ipv6(const struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	return ipv6_hdr(skb)->version == 6;
}

/**
 * ipv6_to_ipv4() - Given an IPv6 address produced by ipv4_to_ipv6, return
 * the original IPv4 address (in network byte order).
 * @ip6:  IPv6 address; assumed to be a mapped IPv4 address.
 * Return: IPv4 address stored in @ip6.
 */
static inline __be32 ipv6_to_ipv4(const struct in6_addr ip6)
{
	return ip6.in6_u.u6_addr32[3];
}

/**
 * canonical_ipv6_addr() - Convert a socket address to the "standard"
 * form used in Homa, which is always an IPv6 address; if the original address
 * was IPv4, convert it to an IPv4-mapped IPv6 address.
 * @addr:   Address to canonicalize (if NULL, "any" is returned).
 * Return: IPv6 address corresponding to @addr.
 */
static inline struct in6_addr canonical_ipv6_addr(const union sockaddr_in_union
						  *addr)
{
	struct in6_addr mapped;

	if (addr) {
		if (addr->sa.sa_family == AF_INET6)
			return addr->in6.sin6_addr;
		ipv6_addr_set_v4mapped(addr->in4.sin_addr.s_addr, &mapped);
		return mapped;
	}
	return in6addr_any;
}

/**
 * skb_canonical_ipv6_saddr() - Given a packet buffer, return its source
 * address in the "standard" form used in Homa, which is always an IPv6
 * address; if the original address was IPv4, convert it to an IPv4-mapped
 * IPv6 address.
 * @skb:   The source address will be extracted from this packet buffer.
 * Return: IPv6 address for @skb's source machine.
 */
static inline struct in6_addr skb_canonical_ipv6_saddr(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	struct in6_addr mapped;

	if (skb_is_ipv6(skb))
		return ipv6_hdr(skb)->saddr;
	ipv6_addr_set_v4mapped(ip_hdr(skb)->saddr, &mapped);
	return mapped;
}

/**
 * homa_make_header_avl() - Invokes pskb_may_pull to make sure that all the
 * Homa header information for a packet is in the linear part of the skb
 * where it can be addressed using skb_transport_header.
 * @skb:     Packet for which header is needed.
 * Return:   The result of pskb_may_pull (true for success)
 */
static inline bool homa_make_header_avl(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	int pull_length;

	pull_length = skb_transport_header(skb) - skb->data + HOMA_MAX_HEADER;
	if (pull_length > skb->len)
		pull_length = skb->len;
	return pskb_may_pull(skb, pull_length);
}

#ifndef __UPSTREAM__ /* See strip.py */
#ifdef __UNIT_TEST__
void unit_log_printf(const char *separator, const char *format, ...)
		__printf(2, 3);
#define UNIT_LOG unit_log_printf
void unit_hook(char *id);
#define UNIT_HOOK(msg) unit_hook(msg)
#else /* __UNIT_TEST__ */
#define UNIT_LOG(...)
#define UNIT_HOOK(...)
#endif /* __UNIT_TEST__ */
#endif /* See strip.py */

extern unsigned int homa_net_id;

void     homa_ack_pkt(struct sk_buff *skb, struct homa_sock *hsk,
		      struct homa_rpc *rpc);
enum skb_drop_reason homa_add_packet(struct homa_rpc *rpc, struct sk_buff *skb);
int      homa_bind(struct socket *sk, struct SOCKADDR *addr,
		   int addr_len);
void     homa_busy_pkt(struct sk_buff *skb, struct homa_rpc *rpc);
void     homa_close(struct sock *sock, long timeout);
int      homa_copy_to_user(struct homa_rpc *rpc);
void     homa_data_pkt(struct sk_buff *skb, struct homa_rpc *rpc);
void     homa_destroy(struct homa *homa);
void     homa_dispatch_pkts(struct sk_buff *skb);
int      homa_err_handler_v4(struct sk_buff *skb, u32 info);
int      homa_err_handler_v6(struct sk_buff *skb,
			     struct inet6_skb_parm *opt, u8 type,  u8 code,
			     int offset, __be32 info);
struct homa_gap *homa_gap_alloc(struct list_head *next, int start, int end);
int      homa_getsockopt(struct sock *sk, int level, int optname,
			 char __user *optval, int __user *optlen);
int      homa_hash(struct sock *sk);
enum hrtimer_restart homa_hrtimer(struct hrtimer *timer);
int      homa_init(struct homa *homa);
int      homa_ioc_info(struct socket *sock, unsigned long arg);
int      homa_ioctl(struct socket *sock, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
int      homa_load(void);
int      homa_message_out_init(struct homa_rpc *rpc, int length);
void     homa_need_ack_pkt(struct sk_buff *skb, struct homa_sock *hsk,
			   struct homa_rpc *rpc);
void     homa_net_destroy(struct homa_net *hnet);
void     homa_net_exit(struct net *net);
int      homa_net_init(struct homa_net *hnet, struct homa *homa);
int      homa_net_start(struct net *net);
__poll_t homa_poll(struct file *file, struct socket *sock,
		   struct poll_table_struct *wait);
int      homa_recvmsg(struct sock *sk, struct msghdr *msg, size_t len,
		      int flags, int *addr_len);
void     homa_request_retrans(struct homa_rpc *rpc);
int      homa_resend_data(struct homa_rpc *rpc, int start, int end);
void     homa_resend_pkt(struct sk_buff *skb, struct homa_rpc *rpc,
			 struct homa_sock *hsk);
void     homa_rpc_handoff(struct homa_rpc *rpc);
int      homa_rpc_tx_end(struct homa_rpc *rpc);
int      homa_sendmsg(struct sock *sk, struct msghdr *msg, size_t len);
int      homa_setsockopt(struct sock *sk, int level, int optname,
			 sockptr_t optval, unsigned int optlen);
int      homa_shutdown(struct socket *sock, int how);
struct sk_buff *__homa_skb_alloc(int length);
int      homa_socket(struct sock *sk);
int      homa_softirq(struct sk_buff *skb);
void     homa_spin(int ns);
void     homa_timer(struct homa *homa);
void     homa_timer_check_ack(struct homa_rpc *rpc);
void     homa_timer_check_rpc(struct homa_rpc *rpc);
int      homa_timer_main(void *transport);
int      homa_tx_copy_from_user(struct homa_rpc *rpc, struct iov_iter *iter,
				bool xmit);
struct sk_buff *homa_tx_skb_alloc(struct homa_rpc *rpc, u32 offset, u32 *end);
int      homa_tx_skb_send(struct homa_rpc *rpc, u32 offset, u32 *end);
void     homa_unhash(struct sock *sk);
void     homa_rpc_unknown_pkt(struct sk_buff *skb, struct homa_rpc *rpc);
void     homa_unload(void);
int      homa_wait_private(struct homa_rpc *rpc, int nonblocking);
struct homa_rpc *homa_wait_shared(struct homa_sock *hsk, int nonblocking);
int      homa_xmit_control(enum homa_packet_type type, void *contents,
			   size_t length, struct homa_rpc *rpc);
int      __homa_xmit_control(void *contents, size_t length,
			     struct homa_route *route, struct homa_sock *hsk);
void     homa_xmit_data(struct homa_rpc *rpc);
void     homa_xmit_unknown(struct sk_buff *skb, struct homa_sock *hsk);
int      next_int_from_string(char **p, int *value);

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */
void     homa_cutoffs_pkt(struct sk_buff *skb, struct homa_sock *hsk);
int      homa_dointvec(const struct ctl_table *table, int write,
		       void *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos);
void     homa_incoming_sysctl_changed(struct homa *homa);
int      homa_ioc_abort(struct socket *sock, unsigned long arg);
int      homa_message_in_init(struct homa_rpc *rpc, int length, int unsched);
void     homa_prios_changed(struct homa *homa);
void     homa_start_msg_pkt(struct sk_buff *skb, struct homa_rpc *rpc);
int      homa_sysctl_softirq_cores(const struct ctl_table *table,
				   int write, void *buffer, size_t *lenp,
				   loff_t *ppos);
int      homa_unsched_priority(struct homa *homa, struct homa_peer *peer,
			       int length);
void     homa_xmit_start_msg(struct homa_rpc *rpc, int length);
#else /* See strip.py */
int      homa_message_in_init(struct homa_rpc *rpc, int length);
#endif /* See strip.py */

/**
 * homa_net() - Return the struct homa_net associated with a particular
 * struct net.
 * @net:     Get the Homa data for this net namespace.
 * Return:   see above.
 */
static inline struct homa_net *homa_net(struct net *net)
{
	return (struct homa_net *)net_generic(net, homa_net_id);
}

/**
 * homa_clock() - Return a fine-grain clock value that is monotonic and
 * consistent across cores.
 * Return: see above.
 */
static inline u64 homa_clock(void)
{
	/* This function exists to make it easy to switch time sources
	 * if/when new or better sources become available.
	 */
#ifdef __UNIT_TEST__
	u64 mock_get_clock(void);
	return mock_get_clock();
#else /* __UNIT_TEST__ */
#ifndef __UPSTREAM__ /* See strip.py */
	/* As of August 2025, get_cycles takes only about 8 ns/call, vs.
	 * 14 ns/call for ktime_get_ns. This saves about .24 core when
	 * driving a 25 Gbps network at high load (see perf.txt for details).
	 * Unfortunately, Linux reviewers will not allow get_cycles in the
	 * upstreamed version.
	 */
	return get_cycles();
#else /* See strip.py */
	return ktime_get_ns();
#endif /* See strip.py */
#endif /* __UNIT_TEST__ */
}

/**
 * homa_clock_khz() - Return the frequency of the values returned by
 * homa_clock, in units of KHz.
 * Return: see above.
 */
static inline u64 homa_clock_khz(void)
{
#ifdef __UNIT_TEST__
	return 1000000;
#else /* __UNIT_TEST__ */
#ifndef __UPSTREAM__ /* See strip.py */
#ifdef CONFIG_X86
	return tsc_khz;
#elif defined(CONFIG_ARM64)
	return arch_timer_get_cntfrq() / 1000;
#else
	return 1000000;
#endif
#else /* See strip.py */
	return 1000000;
#endif /* See strip.py */
#endif /* __UNIT_TEST__ */
}

/**
 * homa_ns_to_cycles() - Convert from units of nanoseconds to units of
 * homa_clock().
 * @ns:      A time measurement in nanoseconds
 * Return:   The time in homa_clock() units corresponding to @ns.
 */
static inline u64 homa_ns_to_cycles(u64 ns)
{
#ifdef __UNIT_TEST__
	return ns;
#else /* __UNIT_TEST__ */
	u64 tmp;

	tmp = ns * homa_clock_khz();
	do_div(tmp, 1000000);
	return tmp;
#endif /* __UNIT_TEST__ */
}

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */
/**
 * homa_usecs_to_cycles() - Convert from units of microseconds to units of
 * homa_clock().
 * @usecs:   A time measurement in microseconds
 * Return:   The time in homa_clock() units corresponding to @usecs.
 */
static inline u64 homa_usecs_to_cycles(u64 usecs)
{
#ifdef __UNIT_TEST__
	return usecs * 1000;
#else /* __UNIT_TEST__ */
	u64 tmp;

	tmp = usecs * homa_clock_khz();
	do_div(tmp, 1000);
	return tmp;
#endif /* __UNIT_TEST__ */
}
#endif /* See strip.py */

#ifndef __STRIP__ /* See strip.py */
/**
 * homa_high_priority() - Return the next-to-highest available priority
 * level.  Used in situations where we want to boost the priority of
 * something but don't want to interfere with the highest priority packets
 * such as control packets.
 * @homa:  Overall information about the Homa protocol.
 * Return: See above.
 *
 */
static inline int homa_high_priority(struct homa *homa)
{
	return (homa->num_priorities <= 2) ? 0 : homa->num_priorities - 2;
}
#endif /* See strip.py */

/* Homa Locking Strategy:
 *
 * (Note: this documentation is referenced in several other places in the
 * Homa code)
 *
 * In the Linux TCP/IP stack the primary locking mechanism is a sleep-lock
 * per socket. However, per-socket locks aren't adequate for Homa, because
 * sockets are "larger" in Homa. In TCP, a socket corresponds to a single
 * connection between two peers; an application can have hundreds or
 * thousands of sockets open at once, so per-socket locks leave lots of
 * opportunities for concurrency. With Homa, a single socket can be used for
 * communicating with any number of peers, so there will typically be just
 * one socket per thread. As a result, a single Homa socket must support many
 * concurrent RPCs efficiently, and a per-socket lock would create a bottleneck
 * (Homa tried this approach initially).
 *
 * Thus, the primary locks used in Homa spinlocks at RPC granularity. This
 * allows operations on different RPCs for the same socket to proceed
 * concurrently. Homa also has socket locks (which are spinlocks different
 * from the official socket sleep-locks) but these are used much less
 * frequently than RPC locks.
 *
 * Lock Ordering:
 *
 * There are several other locks in Homa besides RPC locks, all of which
 * are spinlocks. When multiple locks are held, they must be acquired in a
 * consistent order in order to prevent deadlock. Here are the rules for Homa:
 * 1. Except for RPC locks, socket locks, and the grant lock, all locks
 *    should be considered "leaf" locks: don't acquire other locks while
 *    holding them.
 * 2. The lock order is:
 *    * Grant lock
 *    * RPC lock
 *    * Socket lock
 *    * Other lock
 *
 * It may seem surprising that RPC locks are acquired *before* socket locks,
 * but this is essential for high performance. Homa has been designed so that
 * many common operations (such as processing input packets) can be performed
 * while holding only an RPC lock; this allows operations on different RPCs
 * to proceed in parallel. Only a few operations, such as handing off an
 * incoming message to a waiting thread, require the socket lock. If socket
 * locks had to be acquired first, any operation that might eventually need
 * the socket lock would have to acquire it before the RPC lock, which would
 * severely restrict concurrency.
 *
 * Socket Shutdown:
 *
 * It is possible for socket shutdown to begin while operations are underway
 * that hold RPC locks but not the socket lock. For example, a new RPC
 * creation might be underway when a socket is shut down. The RPC creation
 * will eventually acquire the socket lock and add the new RPC to those
 * for the socket; it would be very bad if this were to happen after
 * homa_sock_shutdown thinks it has deleted all RPCs for the socket.
 * In general, any operation that acquires a socket lock must check
 * hsk->shutdown after acquiring the lock and abort if hsk->shutdown is set.
 *
 * Spinlock Implications:
 *
 * Homa uses spinlocks exclusively; this is needed because locks typically
 * need to be acquired at atomic level, such as in SoftIRQ code.
 *
 * Operations that can block, such as memory allocation and copying data
 * to/from user space, are not permitted while holding spinlocks (spinlocks
 * disable interrupts, so the holder must not block. This results in awkward
 * code in several places to move restricted operations outside locked
 * regions. Such code typically looks like this:
 *   - Acquire a reference on an object such as an RPC, in order to prevent
 *     the object from being deleted.
 *   - Release the object's lock.
 *   - Perform the restricted operation.
 *   - Re-acquire the lock.
 *   - Release the reference.
 * It is possible that the object may have been modified by some other party
 * while it was unlocked, so additional checks may be needed after reacquiring
 * the lock. As one example, an RPC may have been terminated, in which case
 * any operation in progress on that RPC should be aborted after reacquiring
 * the lock.
 *
 * Lists of RPCs:
 *
 * There are a few places where Homa needs to process all of the RPCs
 * associated with a socket, such as the timer. Such code must first lock
 * the socket (to protect access to the link pointers) then lock
 * individual RPCs on the list. However, this violates the rules for locking
 * order. It isn't safe to unlock the socket before locking the individual RPCs,
 * because RPCs could be deleted and their memory recycled between the unlock
 * of the socket lock and the lock of the RPC; this could result in corruption.
 * Homa uses two different approaches to handle this situation:
 * 1. Use ``homa_protect_rpcs`` to prevent RPC reaping for a socket. RPCs can
 *    still be terminated, but their memory won't go away until
 *    homa_unprotect_rpcs is invoked. This allows the socket lock to be
 *    released before acquiring RPC locks; after acquiring each RPC lock,
 *    the RPC must be checked to see if it has been terminated; if so, skip it.
 * 2. Use ``spin_trylock_bh`` to acquire the RPC lock while still holding the
 *    socket lock. If this fails, then release the socket lock and retry
 *    both the socket lock and the RPC lock. Of course, the state of both
 *    socket and RPC could change before the locks are finally acquired.
 *
 * Locks and Packet Transmission:
 *
 * Homa must not hold locks while transmitting packets (e.g. by calling
 * ip_queue_xmit or ip6_xmit). This is because homa_qdisc could be invoked
 * during the transmission process, and it may need to acquire locks under
 * some conditions (such as an RPC lock). Homa_qdisc is invoked with the
 * qdisc lock held, so invoking ip*xmit with a lock held can result in
 * AB-BA deadlocks.
 */

#endif /* _HOMA_IMPL_H */